On Rheostasis
The Hierarchical Organization of Physiological Stability
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Product details:
- Publisher OUP USA
- Date of Publication 26 February 2024
- ISBN 9780197665572
- Binding Hardback
- No. of pages224 pages
- Size 229x163x25 mm
- Weight 431 g
- Language English 700
Categories
Short description:
On Rheostasis describes several examples of physiological changes most species of animals will experience in their lifetime, such as daily rhythms, reproductive cycles, and infection induced fevers. These naturally occurring events are a major challenge to the basic understanding of how bodies maintain a healthy, internal working environment. The book uses new research to highlight that our internal state is regulated by different physiological processes.
MoreLong description:
All our inner organs and tissues require a constant environment to work effectively. Warm-blooded animals keep a core body temperature around 98°F as the cells function at an optimal capacity at this temperature. The core body temperature of cold-blooded animals is the same as the surrounding environment and animals need to move into warmer or colder environments so that the internal state becomes ideal for physiological processes. One of the fundamental concepts in life sciences and medical and veterinary practice is that our internal states maintain stability through a process called Homeostasis. Originally coined by Walter B Cannon, homeostasis describes a series of internal physiological components that seek to maintain a fixed state established by set points (e.g., 98°F core body temperature). Any deviations in homeostasis leads to severe pathology such as hypothermia or death. But it is becoming increasingly clear that homeostatic set points vary predictably with time or new, temporary set points can be created.
The concept of rheostasis, described as the regulated change in physiology, accounts for how homeostatic set points can change to optimize our health and wellbeing, and survival in all animals. Daily changes in hormones, sleep-wake cycles, female reproductive cycles, and seasonal breeding in animals are excellent examples to show regulated changes in physiology. In this book, the concept of rheostasis is re-examined through the lens of 30 years of discoveries that include newly identified genes, increases in our understanding of the internal activity in cells, scientific advances in how neurons in the brain communicate with each other, complex imaging, and identifying how the brain creates representations of our environment.
This book aims to present a new way of thinking about how our bodies maintain physiological stability and proposes that homeostasis and rheostasis act independently and evolved separately to maintain stability by entirely distinct processes. The new conceptual model described indicates that our physiological systems have a tiered level of organization with significant implications for how we maintain our health and the treatment of common illnesses such as some bacterial or viral infections, as well as complex treatments for psychiatric and neurological disorders.
This book will help both novice readers and well-educated scientists understand the complexities of these physiological pathways, long loops, short loops, and modulators that influence the physiological control systems. There is a good reference section for further assistance.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Chapter 1. Long-term physiological stability in nature
Chapter 2. Programmed and reactive rheostasis
Chapter 3. An endogenous clock for programmed rheostasis
Chapter 4. Orchestration of female reproductive cycles
Chapter 5. A seasonally programmed energy rheostat
Chapter 6. Stability during recovery
Chapter 7. The reactive response of life
Chapter 8. Hierarchical organization of physiological stability
Chapter 9. Modelling physiological dynamics
Chapter 10. Challenges to physiological anticipation
Glossary
References
Figure legends
