Rövid leírás:

This book addresses the complexity of assessing fit and using fittings in the product design process from a scientific and systems engineering perspective. Including: how to represent the anthropometry of the target market, good practices for reliable fit testing, and comprehensive statistical analyses for fit and sizing analysis.

Hosszú leírás:

In this book, for the first time, the complexity of assessing fit and using fittings in the product design process is addressed from a scientific and systems engineering perspective. It includes methods to represent the anthropometry of the target market, good practices to develop protocols for more reliable and consistent fit testing, methods for developing and maintaining a fit database, comprehensive statistical analyses needed for fit and sizing analysis, and instructions for selecting and modeling cases for new product development.

Product Fit and Sizing: Sustainable Product Evaluation, Engineering, and Design offers step-by-step instructions for the evaluation, engineering, and design of existing and new products and includes real-world examples of mass-produced apparel, head wearables, and footwear products. It also explains how to develop a sustainable fit standard for fit and sizing continuity for all styles across all seasons and iterations.

This book is intended for industry professionals and undergraduate and graduate education to prepare students for design and engineering jobs. For organizations that purchase uniforms or protective equipment and apparel, it also provides instructions for purchasing professionals to evaluate the suitability of wearable products for their population.

The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.

Tartalomjegyzék:

Chapter 1 Introduction         1

Abstract     1
Sustainable Product Evaluation, Engineering and Design Process (SPEED)     3
Inputs     6
Design loop    7
Sizing loop     8
How to use this book     13

Chapter 2 Inputs and Getting Started     16

Abstract     16
Products     17
Requirements and Constraints     17
Design Concept     21
Resources     24
Tools     24
Analysis & data management tools     25
Questionnaires     29
Anthropometry     35
Manual tool assessment     42
Imaging tool assessment     45
Physical fit measuring tools     57
Personnel and facilities     61
Personnel     61 Facilities     67
Use of human subjects     67
Test site considerations     68
Target population (TP) sampling and planning     70
Starting TP Sample     71
Planning full TP sample     77
Weighting samples     84
What can go wrong     86

Chapter 3 Cases and Fit Models       91

Abstract     91
Selecting cases     93
Selecting cases with raw data     98
Base size and base size case     105
Multiple cases     119
PCA alternative for selecting key variables     126
Selecting cases with aggregate data     135
Using cases to create mock-ups and prototypes     143
Physical manikins     148
Digital manikins     154
Original point cloud     157
Surfaced manikin     157
Watertight surfaced manikin     157
Standardized homologous watertight manikin     158
Parameterized database manikin     158

Chapter 4 Testing and Analysis Procedures      166

Abstract     166
Experimental design     169
Analysis methods     174
Student?s t-test     176
Paired t-test (repeated measures with 2 treatments)     180
Wilcoxon signed-rank test     181
Wilcoxon rank-sum test (Mann Whitney test)     182
Proportion test     182
Chi-squared test for independence     184
Bivariate correlation     185
General Linear Models     185
Analysis of variance (ANOVA)     188
Linear regression/stepwise linear regression     189
Discriminant analysis     191
Logistic regression     193
Design loop tests and analysis     196
Pilot tests     197
Stand-alone trade studies     198
Comparison of two treatments using paired test design     200
Comparison of two treatments using independent samples     202
Comparison of three or more treatments using repeated measures design     202
Comparison of three or more treatments using independent measures design     205
Prototype fit tests     205
Scenario 1: First prototype iteration with just one size     209
Scenario 2: Existing product with fit and sizing issues in multiple sizes     211

Sizing loop tests and analysis     219
Evaluating the cost versus benefit of sets of sizes     221
Determining the tariff     223
Size prediction     228

Chapter 5 Mass Produced Apparel      231

Abstract     231
Background     231
Fit audit and the Sustainable Fit Standard     233
Grading and the Sweetspot     236
Benefits of the SPEED process     239
Case studies     239
Case study 1: Manufacturer / retailer design, sizing, tariff, & fit standard development    240
Case study 2: Assessment for purchasing an existing product aided by 3D scanning     252
Case study 3: Assessment for purchasing tariff     256
Case study 4: Prototype test to determine the correct alteration     262

Chapter 6 Head and Face Wearables      268

Abstract     268
Background     268
Center of mass vs neck strain     270
Sensitivity to temperature     271
Head orientation and alignment     272
Head anthropometry     281
Case studies     286
Case study 1: Design loop testing of a head wearable to demonstrate use of product based head orientation     286
Case study 2: Design loop testing with a non-functioning mockup including early COF     290
Case study 3: Design loop updates in COF     304
Case study 4: A trade study to investigate temple band closing force     309
Case study 5: Design loop evaluation tools highlighting inputs to design changes  32
Case study 6: Importance of fit testing to predict sizing numbers for purchasing 331

Chapter 7 Footwear      339

Abstract     339
Background     339
Issues with different footwear types     343
Dress shoes and casual footwear     344
Safety, protective, and occupational footwear     349
Sports footwear     351
Key Performance Indicators (KPIs)     352
Concept-of-Fit (COF)     355
Subject assessment     355
The Sustainable Fit Standard     358
Target user profile     359
Foot anthropometry and anatomy     360
Foot as a static structure     361
The dynamics of the foot     363
Foot anthropometry methods     367
Variability of the of the foot anthropometry: sex, age, demographics     371
Resources, planning, and preparation     376
Case studies     379
Case study 1: The design loop of casual and fashion footwear     379
Case study 2: Application to footwear innovation      389

Glossary     391

Index     403