Rape and Sexual Assault

Preface

Acknowledgments

1. Background and History

Introduction
Terminology
Theories of Sexual Violence
Biology/Evolutionary
Psychopathology
Social Learning and Gender Socialization
Feminist Perspectives on Rape and
Rape Culture
Culture of Violence
Historical Overview
Marital Rape
Rape as a Weapon in War
Rape on Campus
America's Most Underreported Crime
Male and LGBT Victims of Rape
Misconceptions about Rapists
Risk Factors for Sexual Assault
Victimization
Activism
New Laws and Policies
Conclusion
References

2. Problems, Controversies, and Solutions

Introduction
Problems in Serving Justice
An Underreported Crime
Challenges of Pursuing Sexual Assault
Investigations
The Rape Kit Backlog
Statutes of Limitations
Failure to Believe and False Accusation Rates
Punishments and Treatments
Therapeutic Sex Offender Treatments
Medical Treatments for Sex Offenders
Supervision and Registration
Restorative Justice
Sexual Misconduct on Campus
Obama Administration Policies on Sexual Assault
on Campus
Trump Administration Policies on Sexual Assault
on Campus
Biden Administration Policies on Sexual Assault
on Campus
School Disciplinary Boards versus the Criminal
Justice System
The U.S. Military and Sexual Misconduct
Challenges in Reporting
Challenges Posed by the Chain of Command
Solutions
Activism
Legislation
Affirmative Consent and Consent Education
Bystander Intervention
Rape Prevention
Dismantling Rape Culture
Conclusion
References

3. Perspectives

Introduction
Behind the Hotline Lindsey Breslin
Working at a Child Advocacy Center Robin Friesen-Holwell
You Are Not Alone: The Perspective of a Sexual Assault
Nurse Examiner Elyse Diewald
More Than JUST Words: Integrating Trauma Informed
Practices into Justice System Responses Elisa Carias
Perspectives from the Field: Campus Sexual Assault
Prevention Teresa Wroe
Reflections from My Work with Survivors Eve Wesson
Lessons I Never Wanted to Learn Annie O'Brien
Was It Really Ok? Gavrielle Mayman
Unburying Trauma Giovanni Alexis Venzor Melendez

4. Profiles

Introduction

Selected Cases: Organizations

Armed Forces, U.S.
Boy Scouts of America (Scouts BSA)
Catholic Church

Selected Cases: Individuals

Bill Cosby (1937-)
Jeffrey Epstein (1953-2019)
R. Kelly (1967-)
Larry Nassar (1963-)
Harvey Weinstein (1952-)

Prominent Politicians

Selected Activists

Tarana J. Burke (1973-)
Christine Blasey Ford (1966-)
Anita Hill (1956-)
Mary P. Koss
Rachel Lloyd (1975-)
Chanel Miller (1992-)
Denis Mukwege (1955-) and Nadia Murad (1993-)

Campus Activists and Organizations
National Anti-Sexual Assault Organizations

References

5. Data and Documents
Introduction

Data

Table 5.1 Reasons for Not Reporting Sexual Assault Prevalence
Figure 5.1 Locations of Sexual Assault
Figure 5.2 Most Perpetrators Are Known to the Victim
Table 5.2 Number of Known Untested
Rape Kits
Table 5.3 Elementary, Secondary, and Post-
Secondary Schools with Open Investigations
for Possible Title IX Violations for
Mishandling Sexual Assault Cases

Documents

Victims of Crime Act (1984)
Clery Act (1990)
Violence Against Women Act (1994)
Prison Rape Elimination Act (2003)
Enough is Enough Act (2015)
Victim's Impact Statement in Stanford Rape
Sentencing (2016)
National Defense Authorization Act (Fiscal Year 2022)

6. Resources

Introduction

Books
Sexual Assault
Memoirs
Resources for Healing

Select Journal Articles and Research Reports (2010-Present)
Documentaries/Docuseries
Podcasts
Activism
Nonprofits, Organizations, Programs, and Campaigns

7. Chronology

Glossary
Index